Critical Thinking Questions With Answers

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Option A : The method of the drug's distribution is irrelevant, unless the central authority can limit the drug's production from the bark of wild ibora trees. Option B : The cost of producing the drug does notaffect the outcome for the treeunless it deters production.

Option C : The existence of uses for other parts of the tree opens the possibility that the ibora-bark drug would cause no increase in destruction of trees other than what exists already.

If this information were provided, it would weaken support for the conclusion. Option E : Difficulty of access to the trees could provide a disincentive to their harvesting—but we are not told that it would prevent their harvesting. For similar carsand comparable drivers, automobile insurance for collision damage has always costmore in Great port than in Fairmont.

Since it is not provided, this option does not significantly weaken the argument. Police studies, however, show thatcars owned by Greatport residents are, on average, slightly less likely to be involved in a collision than cars in Fairmont.

Clearly, therefore, insurance companies are making a greater profit on collision-damage insurance in Greatportthan in Fairmont.

In evaluating the argument, it would be most useful to compare Option A : The level of traffic congestion probably contributes to the frequency of collisions in each town.The consultant responds to the lawmaker's argument by Option A : The consultant does reject the lawmaker's argument, but the consultant does not propose higher standards.Indeed, in suggesting that the board should be retained, the consultant implies that the board's standards are appropriate.Option E : Since the argument isconcerned solely with collision-insurance costs and profits in Greatport and Fairmont, comparing the cost of insurance in those towns with the costofinsurance elsewhere would provide no useful insight. The tulu, a popular ornamental plant, does not reproduce naturally, and isonly bred and sold by specialized horticultural companies.Unfortunately, thetulu is easily devastated by a contagious fungal rot.It follows, therefore, that continued production of the drug must inevitably lead to the ibora's extinction.Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?Option D : This information implies, for example, that two years ago, the inflation rate was higher than 1.2 percent.This raises thepossibility (without stating it) that last year and theyear preceding mark a trend of declining inflation (and that the current year's 4 percent is an aberration).The information is sufficient tojustify a little doubt about the argument's conclusion—but not at all specific enough to undermine the argument's conclusion as much as does answer choice (B).Option E : The failure of government intervention to affect the rate of inflation could be seen to support, not weaken, the conclusion. Thyrian lawmaker: Thyria's Cheese Importation Board inspects all cheese shipments to Thyria and rejects shipments not meeting specified standards. Therefore, since the health consequences and associated economic costs of not rejecting that 1 percent are negligible, whereas the board's operating costs are considerable, for economic reasons alone the board should be disbanded. The threat of having their shipments rejected deters many cheese exporters from shipping substandard product.